CDL Requirements by State (2026)

Federal rules in 49 CFR Part 383 set the minimum for every state. No state can go below these:

• Same classes everywhere. Class A (combinations with a GCWR of 26,001 lb or more, towing over 10,000 lb), Class B (single vehicles of 26,001 lb or more), and Class C (16 or more passengers including the driver, or placarded hazmat).
• Same endorsement codes. T, P, N, H, X, and S, plus standard restriction codes such as L, Z, E, O, M, N, K, and V.
• 80% to pass each knowledge test.
• A CLP first. You must pass the General Knowledge test for a commercial learner's permit, practice only with a qualified CDL holder beside you, and hold the CLP at least 14 days before the skills test. A CLP can be valid for up to one year from first issuance without retesting.
• Entry-level driver training from a provider on FMCSA's Training Provider Registry for first-time Class A or B, B-to-A upgrades, and first-time P, S, or H endorsements.
• Three-part skills test: vehicle inspection, basic controls, and road test.
• Age 21 for interstate driving. Intrastate age limits are set by each state.
• A TSA security threat assessment for the hazmat (H) endorsement.

Here's where your state's own rules and systems come in. Check each item on your state's CDL page before you show up:

• Fees. Permit, knowledge test, skills test, license, and endorsement fees are all set by the state.
• Intrastate age and waivers. Many states issue in-state-only CDLs at 18, and some have their own rules for intrastate drivers.
• CLP length. Federal law caps it at one year without retesting; your state may issue it for less.
• Testing logistics. Appointment requirements, which offices give CDL tests, whether approved third-party testers give skills tests, and how soon you can retest after a failure.
• Test language and delivery. Computer or paper, and which languages are offered, are state decisions.
• Documents. Proof of identity, residency, and lawful presence requirements, and whether you need a REAL ID–compliant credential.
• Medical certificate handling. How the state receives and posts your medical examiner's certificate and self-certification.
• Manual edition. Most states publish the AAMVA model manual, sometimes with a state supplement covering local laws.

Every link below goes to an official state government site. Where we couldn't confirm a stable CDL-specific page, we link the agency's main site or general licensing page instead.

Once you're on your state's page, find these answers before you apply:

1. Which documents do I need for the CLP application?
2. Do I need an appointment for knowledge tests, and which offices give them?
3. What are the current fees for the CLP, tests, license, and each endorsement?
4. How does the state want my medical examiner's certificate and self-certification?
5. Who gives skills tests near me — state examiners, third-party testers, or both?
6. What's the retest policy if I fail a knowledge or skills test?
7. Does the state have a supplement to the CDL manual I need to study?

Then take our CDL practice tests until you're scoring comfortably above 80%, and read the full CDL guide for the step-by-step process.

You can hold only one license, from the state where you live. When you move, you'll transfer your CDL to your new state within its deadline. Transfers usually don't require retaking the skills test, but knowledge-test, hazmat endorsement, and medical paperwork requirements vary, and the new state will check your driving record. Look for "transfer" or "new resident" on your new state's CDL page.